小學(xué)英語(yǔ)六年級(jí)語(yǔ)法總復(fù)習(xí) ：時(shí)態(tài)－－朗卓教育 

　　四種常用時(shí)態(tài)

　　1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

　　(1)表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情，通常用 “usually, often, every day, sometimes，always,never”等詞。

　　(2)基本結(jié)構(gòu)：

　　I / You / We / They He / She / It

　　肯定句(Positive) 動(dòng)詞原形(V) 動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式(V+S)

　　否定句(Negative) don’t + 動(dòng)詞 doesn’t + 動(dòng)詞原形

　　一般疑問(wèn)句(Yes/No) Do… ? Yes, I do. Does…(動(dòng)詞原形)…?No,she doesn’t.

　　特殊疑問(wèn)句(wh-) What do …? How does she…(動(dòng)詞原形)…?

　　(3) 動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式

　　a. Most verbs +s walk-walks

　　b. Verbs ending in a consonant +y -y +ies fly-flies

　　c. Verbs ending in s, sh, ch or x +es watch-watches

　　d. Others do-does ,have-has, go-goes

　　2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),

　　(1)表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，通常用“now,look”.

　　(2)基本形式： be + 動(dòng)詞+ing

　　eg: I am(not) doing my homework.

　　You/We/They are(not) reading.

　　He/She/It is(not) eating.

　　What are you doing?

　　Is he reading?

　　(3)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式(do+ing)

　　Most verbs +ing walk—walking

　　Verbs ending in e -e + ing come—coming

　　Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant Double

　　consonant run-running

　　swim-swimming

　　3. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)x kb1.c om

　　(1) 表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情,通常用 “l(fā)ast week, just now, yesterday”等詞。

　　(2) be 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式: am/is—was are—were

　　I/He/she/it was(not)…. You/we/they were….

　　一般疑問(wèn)句was, were 放在句首。

　　(3)過(guò)去式基本結(jié)構(gòu)

　　肯定句(Positive) 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式 I went shopping last night.

　　否定句(Negative) Didn’t + 動(dòng)詞原形 I didn’t go shopping last night.

　　一般疑問(wèn)句(Yes/No) Did …+ 動(dòng)詞原形…? Did you go shopping last night?

　　特殊疑問(wèn)句(wh-) What did…+ 動(dòng)詞原形…? What did you do last night?

　　(4)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的變化：

　　規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化：

　　一般動(dòng)詞 +ed planted,watered,climbed

　　以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾 +d liked

　　輔音字母加y結(jié)尾 -y+ ied study—studied, cry- cried

　　重讀閉音節(jié)單詞，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母 雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)字母+ed stop –stopped

　　plan - planned

　　不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化：

　　原形 過(guò)去式 原形 過(guò)去式 原形 過(guò)去式 原形 過(guò)去式

　　sweep swept teach taught have had go went

　　keep kept think thought do did find found

　　sleep slept buy bought eat ate say said

　　feel felt drink drank is/am was take took

　　read read give gave are were mean meant

　　put put sing sang drive drove meet met

　　cut cut begin began speak spoke make made

　　let let ring rang write wrote see saw

　　fly flew run ran ride rode come came

　　draw drew sit sat hear heard tell told

　　grow grew learn learned/ learnt get got know knew

　　4.一般將來(lái)時(shí)

　　一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將來(lái)打算做的事或?qū)⒁�發(fā)生的事情。

　　結(jié)構(gòu)：be going to +動(dòng)詞原形

　　例如：I’m going to visit my grandpa next week.

　　與這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)常用：

　　tonight, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next week, in three hours, two days later 等。

　　一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)與其它結(jié)構(gòu)表將來(lái)情況的區(qū)別：

　　一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài) ：主要從時(shí)間的角度表將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。

　　一般將來(lái)時(shí)除了使用“shall/will + V…”以外，也可以使用下列的句式來(lái)表達(dá)。

　　1.be going to + V … (即將會(huì)……;打算將……)

　　be going to 結(jié)構(gòu) ：①表(主觀上)打算或準(zhǔn)備做某事時(shí)。 ②表有發(fā)生某事的預(yù)兆時(shí)。

　　e.g. They are going to have a competition with us in studies. It is going to rain.

　　據(jù)以上區(qū)別，故下面一句是錯(cuò)的：

　　I am going to be eighteen years old next year.

　　應(yīng)改為： I shall be eighteen years old next year.

　　be about to do sth 結(jié)構(gòu) ：意為“剛要做某事”、“馬上要做某事”強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間之緊迫性。

　　e.g. We are about to discuss this problem.

　　我們將馬上討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

　　be to do sth 結(jié)構(gòu)： 表示按計(jì)劃、安排、規(guī)定將實(shí)施某事或表示注定會(huì)發(fā)生某事。

　　e.g. When is the train to leave.

　　shall與will用法的區(qū)別詳見(jiàn)(shall與will用法的區(qū)別及它兩過(guò)去式用法的區(qū)別)

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